Where coffee grows

1. Brazil

   Brazilian coffee: the world’s biggest crop, about 70 million bags in 2026, arabica and robusta. The harvest, regions, prices, frosts and history.

   • Bahia Oeste da Bahia above 700 m; Chapada Diamantina at least 850 m, mostly above 1,050 m
   • Caparaó
   • Cerrado Mineiro 800–1,300 m (minimum 800 m for the denomination)
   • Espírito Santo Conilon up to about 600 m; mountain arabica 500–1,400 m
   • Matas de Minas Above 600 m
   • Paraná Above 500 m
   • Rondônia
   • São Paulo Alta Mogiana 900–1,000 m; Pinhal 800–1,100 m; Circuito das Águas up to 1,400 m
   • Sul de Minas About 600 m to over 2,000 m, depending on the area
2. China

   Chinese coffee: about 1.9 million bags a year of arabica, nearly all from Yunnan, around Pu’er and Baoshan. Regions, output, exports and history.

   • Baoshan 600–1,900 m (China Daily); the GI mark only for 1,000–1,500 m (Yunnan local standard)
   • Dehong 850–1,500 m, mostly 900–1,300 m (Dehong government, 2025); mostly 1,100–1,400 m (Li, 2026)
   • Lincang 1,600–1,900 m at the 2026 winning farm in Zhenkang (Phoenix News)
   • Pu'er Most of Pu'er lies at 1,000–2,000 m (Xinhua)
3. Colombia

   Colombian coffee: about 13 million bags a year, all arabica, from more than 550,000 growers. The harvests, regions, prices, history and the cup.

   • Antioquia 1,300–2,200 m
   • Boyacá About 1,100–2,000 m
   • Caldas About 1,200–1,800 m
   • Cauca Up to 1,700 m, or 1,700–2,100 m (sources differ)
   • Cundinamarca About 1,100–1,900 m
   • Huila 1,000–2,200 m
   • Nariño Up to 2,300 m
   • Norte de Santander Mostly 1,300–1,900 m (64%); a third below 1,300 m
   • Quindío 1,400–2,000 m
   • Risaralda About 1,100–1,900 m
   • Santander
   • Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta 500–1,900 m
   • Tolima 1,200–1,900 m
   • Valle del Cauca About 1,100–2,000 m
4. Costa Rica

   Costa Rican coffee: about 1.2 million bags a year of washed arabica from eight regions led by Tarrazú, and a boom in micro-mills. Regions, harvest, history.

   • Brunca (Pérez Zeledón and Coto Brus)
   • Central Valley and Tres Ríos 80% at 1,000–1,400 m in the Central Valley (Royal New York)
   • Tarrazú (Los Santos) 1,200–1,650 m for its Strictly Hard Bean coffee, 85% of the area
   • Turrialba 800–1,400 m at Aquiares (Cup of Excellence farm directory); 1,000–1,400 m (Mercanta)
   • West Valley (Valle Occidental)
5. Côte d’Ivoire

   Ivorian coffee: natural robusta, once the world’s third-largest crop, now 50,000–80,000 tonnes a year, sold mostly in Africa. Regions, prices and history.

   • Tonkpi (Man) Mountains over about a third of CNRA's Man area, sometimes above 1,000 m in the north (CNRA)
6. Ecuador

   Ecuadorian coffee: arabica from Loja and Manabí, robusta from the Amazon, and a soluble industry that imports beans. Output, regions, harvest and history.

   • Loja 600–2,200 m (National Assembly resolution, 2026)
   • Manabí Below 800 m (Perfect Daily Grind)
   • Zamora Chinchipe About 1,200 m on average (Perfect Daily Grind)
7. El Salvador

   Salvadoran coffee: about 550,000–600,000 bags a year of shade-grown Bourbon, Pacas and Pacamara from six volcanic ranges. Regions, harvest, exports and history.

   • Alotepeque-Metapán 1,000–2,000 m (CSC)
   • Apaneca-Ilamatepec 500–2,365 m (CSC)
   • Cacahuatique 500–1,663 m (CSC, 2016); denomination of origin from 900 m
   • Chichontepec 500–1,000 m (CSC, 2016); denomination of origin from 800 m
   • El Bálsamo-Quezaltepeque 500–1,960 m (CSC, 2016); denomination of origin from 800 m
   • Tecapa-Chinameca 500–2,139 m (CSC, 2016); denomination of origin from 900 m
8. Ethiopia

   Ethiopian coffee: the birthplace of arabica, about 12 million bags a year from millions of smallholders. Regions, harvest, prices, trademarks and history.

   • Bench Maji (Gesha) 1,931–2,049 m and 1,963–1,977 m for Gesha Village lots (importers)
   • Guji 1,900–2,100 m at Guracho, Kercha (Atlas Coffee Importers)
   • Harar (Harrar) 1,510–2,120 m (InterAmerican Coffee)
   • Jimma and Limu 1,900–2,200 m around Agaro and Gera (importer and roaster listings)
   • Kaffa (wild coffee forests) About 1,400–2,100 m
   • Sidamo and Yirgacheffe About 1,500–2,200 m
   • West Arsi (Nensebo) 1,900–2,200 m at Refisa (Great Circle Coffee); 1,900–2,050 m (Red Rooster); 2,100 m (Ally Coffee)
9. Guatemala

   Guatemalan coffee: about 3.2 million bags a year, shade-grown arabica from eight profiled regions, from Antigua to Huehuetenango. Harvest, exports and history.

   • Antigua 1,370–2,240 m in the protected area; plantations below 1,980 m
   • Cobán 1,310–1,710 m (4,300–5,600 ft)
   • Huehuetenango 1,520–1,980 m (5,000–6,500 ft)
   • San Marcos 1,310–1,830 m (4,300–6,000 ft)
10. Honduras

    Honduran coffee: Central America’s biggest exporter, about 5.5–6 million bags a year from six highland regions. Harvest, regions, rust and the Marcala origin.

    • Comayagua About 1,100–1,700 m
    • Copán (western Honduras) About 1,000–1,700 m
    • El Paraíso 1,100–1,700 m (IHCAFE)
    • Marcala (Montecillos) About 1,200–1,600 m (Montecillos); farms at 1,000–2,000 m in the Marcala denomination
    • Opalaca 1,100–1,700 m (IHCAFE)
11. India

    Indian coffee: about 6 million bags a year, all grown under shade, mostly robusta, mostly in Karnataka. Regions, harvest, Monsooned Malabar and history.

    • Araku Valley About 900–1,100 m (Coffee Board); 3,000–5,300 ft in the GI application's text
    • Chikmagalur and the Bababudangiris 700–1,200 m (Chikmagalur); 1,000–1,500 m (Bababudangiris), Coffee Board
    • Coorg (Kodagu) 750–1,100 m (Coorg Arabica GI)
    • Hassan (Manjarabad) 900–1,100 m (Coffee Board)
    • Nilgiris 900–1,400 m (Coffee Board)
    • Pulneys (Palani Hills) 600–2,000 m (Coffee Board); farms at 1,250–1,500 m (Royal Coffee)
    • Shevaroys (Yercaud) 900–1,500 m (Coffee Board)
    • Wayanad 600–900 m (Coffee Board); 700–2,100 m (GI application)
12. Indonesia

    Indonesian coffee: about 11–12 million bags a year, mostly robusta, from Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi and Bali. Harvests, regions, wet hulling and history.

    • Gayo (Aceh) 900–1,700 m (mostly 1,000–1,400 m)
    • Java Ijen arabica about 1,200 m (Bondowoso) or above 1,400 m (Wikipedia)
    • Kintamani (Bali) About 900–1,000 m, near Mount Batur
    • Sulawesi (Toraja and Kalosi) About 1,200–1,800 m (Kalosi Enrekang); up to about 1,800 m (Toraja)
13. Kenya

    Kenyan coffee: about 850,000–950,000 bags a year of washed arabica, SL28 and SL34, sold at the Nairobi auction. Regions, harvest, varieties and history.

    • Embu County from about 515 m to 5,199 m on Mount Kenya; coffee in the upper midlands (county plan)
    • Kericho Lower belt of a county at about 2,000 m (county plan)
    • Kiambu
    • Kirinyaga
    • Meru County from 300 m to 5,199 m on Mount Kenya (county plan)
    • Murang'a County from 914 m in the east to 3,353 m on the Aberdares; coffee in the zones east of the Aberdares (county plan)
    • Nyeri
14. Laos

    Lao coffee: robusta and arabica from the Bolaven Plateau in the south, a protected origin, with newer farms in the north. Output, exports, harvest and history.

    • Bolaven Plateau About 1,000–1,350 m (Wikipedia); 800–1,350 m in another account; Sackda farm 950 m
15. Malaysia & Singapore

    Malaysian coffee: a few thousand tonnes a year, mostly liberica from Johor and robusta from Sabah, against 126,000 tonnes imported. Regions, history and kopi.

    • Johor About 0–20 m in Kulai, Batu Pahat and Rengit (XLIII Coffee); under 15 m at Bagan, Batu Pahat (Bean Shipper)
16. Mexico

    Mexican coffee: about 4.1 million bags a year, mostly shade-grown arabica from Chiapas, Veracruz and Puebla. Regions, harvest, protected names and history.

    • Chiapas Above 800 m for Café Chiapas; above 1,000 m for Estrictamente Altura
    • Oaxaca (Pluma)
    • Puebla 700–1,800 m
    • Veracruz 700–1,400 m in the central belt; above 750 m for Café Veracruz
17. Nicaragua

    Nicaraguan coffee: about 2.4–2.6 million bags a year, mostly Caturra arabica from Jinotega, Matagalpa and Las Segovias. Regions, exports and history.

    • Jinotega and Matagalpa 365–1,500 m across the northern coffee departments (USDA); Los Papales farm at 1,300 m (AFP)
    • Nueva Segovia (Las Segovias) About 1,000–2,000 m (AFP)
18. Papua New Guinea

    Papua New Guinea coffee: about 800,000–1 million bags a year of washed highland arabica, mostly from smallholders’ coffee gardens. Regions and history.

    • Eastern Highlands 1,548–1,898 m from Goroka to Kainantu (Coffee Industry Corporation)
    • Simbu 1,599 m (Kerowagi) to 1,920 m (Kundiawa) in the main districts (Coffee Industry Corporation)
    • Western Highlands and Jiwaka Most people live at 1,400–2,200 m; the province ranges from 600 m to 4,000 m (Coffee Industry Corporation)
19. Peru

    Peruvian coffee: about 4.8 million bags a year, all arabica, from small Andean farms, and the world’s top organic exporter. Regions, harvest and history.

    • Cajamarca Competition farms at about 1,870 m; farms up to about 2,300 m
    • Junín (Selva Central)
    • San Martín
20. Tanzania

    Tanzanian coffee: about 1.45–1.6 million bags a year, washed arabica from Kilimanjaro and the south, robusta from Kagera. Regions, harvest, exports, history.

    • Arusha (Karatu and Mount Meru) 1,600–1,850 m at Edelweiss, Oldeani (Royal Coffee)
    • Kagera
    • Kilimanjaro
    • Mara (Tarime) 1,600–1,800 m (Wood St Coffee); 1,750 m (Olam, via Covoya); up to 2,000 m (Highwire)
    • Mbeya and Songwe 1,500 m at TaCRI's Mbimba station, Mbozi
    • Mbinga (Ruvuma)
21. Thailand

    Thai coffee: arabica from the northern hills of Chiang Rai and Chiang Mai, robusta from the south, two EU-protected origins and far more drunk than grown.

    • Doi Chaang 1,100–1,700 m (EU PGI); 1,000–1,700 m (Japan GI)
    • Doi Tung 800–1,200 m
22. Philippines

    Philippine coffee: robusta from Mindanao, arabica from the Cordillera, excelsa and kapeng barako liberica from Batangas and Cavite; most coffee is now imported.

    • Batangas and Cavite (Barako) 300–500 m in CALABARZON (Philippine Coffee Board); about 300 m (Slow Food)
    • Benguet (Cordillera) About 1,600 m at Atok (Slow Food); arabica at 1,000–1,800 m across the Cordillera (PCAARRD)
    • Bukidnon 1,200–1,800 m for its arabica highlands (PIDS)
    • Davao (Mount Apo) Mount Apo arabica about 1,200–1,600 m (roasters)
23. Uganda

    Ugandan coffee: about 7 million bags a year, mostly robusta, a species that grows wild there, plus arabica from Mount Elgon. Regions, harvest and exports.

    • Greater Masaka
    • Mount Elgon (Bugisu) Mean about 1,855 m (UCDA's highland zone)
    • Rwenzori Mean about 1,855 m in UCDA's highland zone (Kasese, Kabarole)
    • South-western Uganda Mean about 1,545 m (UCDA's South-Western Farm Lands zone)
24. Venezuela

    Venezuelan coffee: Lara and Portuguesa grow most of it, the Andes the best of it. Output figures disputed, harvest October to March, prizes, history.

    • Lara 800–1,700 m (SAPI, Café de Lara specification)
    • Mérida From 300–400 m in the foothills to 2,020 m (Mérida coffee cluster; Diario de Los Andes)
    • Trujillo (Boconó) 1,000–2,500 m; reference altitude 1,225 m (SAPI, Café de Boconó specification)
25. Vietnam

    Vietnamese coffee: the world’s second-biggest crop and its robusta giant, about 32 million bags. The harvest, regions, prices, history and the phin.

    • Đắk Lắk (Buôn Ma Thuột) 400–800 m (Buôn Ma Thuột protected area)
    • Lâm Đồng Arabica at Cầu Đất about 1,500 m
    • Sơn La About 900–1,200 m

Brazil grows by far the most: 71,900 thousand bags in the 2026/27 forecast, 37.9% of a world crop of 189,667 thousand. Vietnam comes second and Colombia third.

Source: USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Coffee: World Markets and Trade, July 2026. 2025/26 is an estimate and 2026/27 a forecast; marketing years start in different months in different countries. A dash means USDA doesn’t list that species for the country separately. Updated once a year.